112 Introduction to Safety Supervision

Supervisor Tools

Managers and supervisors can use the following tools to identify and correct hazards:

1. Observations
2. Inspections
3. Job Hazard Analyses (JHA)
4. Incident/Accident Investigations

Observations

Observation is important because it can be a great tool to effectively identify behaviors that directly account for the greatest percentage of all workplace injuries. It's better than other tools that we will discuss because observation focuses on discovering unsafe behaviors rather than hazardous conditions. Two types of observation processes are used:

1. Informal Observation: An informal observation process is nothing more than being watchful for hazards and unsafe behaviors throughout the work shift. No special procedure is involved. All employees should be expected to look over their work areas once in a while.
2. Formal Observation Program: One of the most effective proactive methods to collect useful data about the hazards and unsafe behaviors in your workplace is the formal observation program because it includes a written plan and procedures. Formal observation programs are commonly called "Behavior-Based Safety" (BBS).
Behavior-Based Safety (BBS) Steps
1. Gather a management/employee team to design the process.
2. Identify focused work areas, tasks, and behaviors.
3. Create a short list of safe behaviors to observe.
4. Determine how to measure or count safe and at-risk (unsafe) behaviors.
5. Educate everyone on the purpose and benefits of participation in the program. Emphasize anonymity and the absence of discipline.
6. Conduct no-notice observations of employees performing work. Observers should never discipline or "snitch" on employees. If managers or supervisors participate, make sure they do not observe in their own areas of responsibility
7. Identify at-risk behaviors observed and provide constructive feedback. Express appreciation when safe behaviors are observed remind employees to use safe practices if they are not performing a task safely.
8. Analyze the data gathered to devise new procedures (a JHA) to reduce the risk.
9. Determine the effectiveness of the new procedures.
10. Deploy the new procedures to the workforce. Thank everyone for helping.

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