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122 Introduction to Hazard Controls
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Engineering Controls

These controls focus on eliminating or reducing the actual source of the hazard, unlike other control strategies that generally focus on employee exposure to the hazard. The basic concept behind engineering controls is that, to the extent feasible, the work environment and the job itself should be designed to eliminate hazards or reduce exposure to hazards. While this approach is called engineering controls, it does not necessarily mean that an engineer is required to design the control. Redesigning or replacing equipment or machinery may be expensive, but remember, according to the National Safety Council, the cost per medically consulted injury in 2019 was $42,000, and the cost per death was $1,220,000.

Design the hazard out of the equipment.
Remember: No hazard + No exposure = No accident.

Engineering controls do not necessarily have to be expensive or complicated. They can be quite simple in some cases. Engineering controls are based on the following broad strategies:

  1. Design or redesign to the extent possible, the tools, equipment, machinery, materials and/or facility.
  2. Enclose the hazard to prevent exposure in normal operations; and
  3. Establish barriers or local ventilation to reduce exposure to the hazard in normal operations if complete enclosure is not feasible.

Some examples of this strategy include:

  • Designing equipment to reduce exposure to a hazardous moving part;
  • Redesigning a work station to relieve physical stress and remove ergonomic hazards; or
  • Designing general ventilation with sufficient fresh outdoor air to improve indoor air quality and generally to provide a safe, healthful atmosphere.

Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.

2-4. Which of the following is an engineering control strategy?