Controlling Electrical Hazards
Secondary Protective Measures
Secondary protective measures are essential in healthcare settings to safeguard against electrical hazards when primary protections fail.
Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters
Secondary protective strategies used in healthcare include the use of Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) and grounding systems.
Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) are fast-acting circuit breaker devices designed to interrupt (shut off) electric power within 1/40 of a second when they detect short-circuit ground faults on 120-volt 15- and 20-ampere receptacles. They are commonly installed in patient care areas, operating rooms, and near sinks to cut off power instantly if a fault is detected.
Grounding Systems
Grounding systems provide a path for electrical current to safely dissipate into the earth, preventing electrical shocks, equipment malfunctions, and fire hazards. They reduce the risk of shocks from faulty equipment or power surges, especially critical in areas with life-support and diagnostic devices. Examples of grounding systems include:
- Isolated power systems (IPS) ensure uninterrupted power by isolating the system from the ground. They are used in operating rooms and intensive care units.
- Grounding equipment connections for medical devices like X-ray machines, MRI scanners, or infusion pumps prevent shocks in case of insulation failures.
- Grounding mats or straps are used in areas prone to static electricity like laboratories and clean rooms.
- Electrical shielding are used in MRI and CT scan rooms to prevent interference from external electromagnetic fields that can affect accuracy.
- Conductive flooring and grounded surgical tables are used to dissipate static electricity, reducing fire risk when oxygen and flammable anesthetics are used.
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1-3. What are fast-acting circuit breaker devices designed to interrupt (shut off) electric power within 1/40 of a second?
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