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183 Healthcare: Radiation Safety
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Contamination vs Exposure

Radioactive contamination and radiation exposure could occur if radioactive materials are released into the environment due to an accident, an event in nature, or an act of terrorism.

Radioactive contamination and radiation exposure can occur if radioactive materials are released into the environment.

Such a release could expose people and contaminate their surroundings and personal property.

External Contamination

External contamination occurs when radioactive material, such as dust, powder, or liquid, comes into contact with a person's skin, hair, or clothing. Since the contamination remains outside the body, it is considered external. However, if a person breathes in or swallows the radioactive material, it can lead to internal contamination.

Internal Contamination

Internal contamination happens when radioactive material enters a person’s body. This can occur by breathing in, swallowing, or absorbing radioactive particles through open wounds. Once inside the body, the radioactive material can spread and potentially cause harm.

Radiation Exposure

Radioactive materials give off a form of energy that travels in waves or particles. This energy is called radiation. When a person is exposed to radiation, the energy penetrates the body. For example, when a person has an x-ray, he or she is exposed to radiation.

Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.

1-7. What can occur when a person swallows or breathes in radioactive materials?