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714 Fall Protection Program
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Guardrail Systems

A guardrail system consists of a top rail, midrail, and intermediate vertical member.

worker walking next to guardrail system
Is this guardrail system adequate? What's missing?

Guardrail systems can also be combined with toeboards that prevent materials from rolling off the walking/working surface.

Guardrail systems must be free of anything that might cut a worker or snag a worker's clothing. Top rails and midrails must be at least 1/4-inch thick to reduce the risk of hand lacerations; steel or plastic banding cannot be used for top rails or midrails. Other requirements for guardrails:

  • Wire rope used for a top rail must be marked at least every 6 feet with high-visibility material.
  • The top rail of a guardrail must be 42 plus or minus 3 inches above the walking/working surface. The top-edge height can exceed 45 inches if the system meets all other performance criteria.
  • Midrails must be installed midway between the top rail and the walking/working surface unless there is an existing wall or parapet at least 21 inches high.
  • Screens and mesh are required when material could fall between the top rail and midrail or between the midrail and the walking/working surface.
  • Intermediate vertical members, when used instead of midrails between posts, must be no more than 19 inches apart.
  • A guardrail system must be capable of withstanding a 200-pound force applied within 2 inches of its top edge in any outward or downward direction.
  • Midrails, screens, and intermediate structural members must withstand at least 150 pounds applied in any downward or outward direction.

Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.

6-2. The top rail or a guardrail must be _____ inches plus or minus _____ inches above the walking/working surface.