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804 Safe Scaffold Erection and Inspection
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Inspecting Fabricated Frame Scaffolds

Foundations

Scaffolds are only as safe as the foundations they are built on.

In order to assure scaffold stability, make sure:

  • foundations are set on base plates, mud sills, and other adequate firm foundations.
  • footings are capable of supporting the loaded scaffold without settling or displacement.
  • unstable objects are not used to support scaffolds or platform units.
  • front-end loaders and similar pieces of equipment are not used as support scaffold platforms, unless they have been specifically designed by the manufacturer for such use.
  • forklifts are not used to support scaffold platforms, unless:
    1. the entire platform is attached to the fork; and
    2. the forklift is not moved horizontally while the platform is occupied.

Note: One way to ensure a stable foundation when a sill is used is to secure it to the baseplate.

Poor foundation: Scaffold end frames, which have no base plate, are erected on top of scrap wood and unstable cement blocks.

Compacted Soils & Then Frozen - Compacted soils, as with all soils, swell and heave due to moisture content or water contained within the soil. This creates a dangerous situation during the freeze/thaw cycle (which can occur in the course of a day) causing the soil to swell or settle and may not result in a level rigid footing. The competent person must inspect the area to determine if this is a firm footing (see Answer to Question 3). Then this must be inspected when conditions change, such as sunny conditions, warming temperatures, etc.

Cold asphalt paving (winter) - Asphalt has minimal compressive strength, even when cold, and especially when applied. By itself it is not normally a useable foundation material.

Hot asphalt paving (summer) - This type of asphalt (top coat) is soft when placed and then compacted with rollers. It is generally applied as a thin coat over a base coat and takes several days to achieve its designed strength. Only the base coat gives the asphalt compressive strength.

Wood decking - This may lend itself for use as a foundation. However, an evaluation of the deck for its maximum allowable loading would be required, since the decking or deck structure could fail under a full scaffold load. The competent person would need to know the individual scaffold base plate loading and if each one is below the maximum allowable deck loading. A light weight supported scaffold could be used on wood decking when the competent person has determined the structure would support the scaffold and its entire load.

Compacted Gravel Roads - This type of road surface may have adequate strength but the material does not provide a smooth surface. Additionally, there is no material cohesion; during a storm the material can wash away under the scaffold base plates.

Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.

2-3. What are supported scaffold foundations set on to ensure stability?