Charging Electric Forklifts
Electric-powered forklifts are most commonly used indoors in warehouses.
They produce zero emissions, virtually eliminate the hazard of carbon monoxide poisoning, and run more quietly than internal combustion forklifts. However, they present other serious hazards that must be addressed.
Electric forklifts are powered by large lead-acid batteries, which must be routinely recharged.
The hazards and recommended practices for charging and changing batteries are reviewed below. Requirements and recommended practices include:
- Designate an area for the purpose of battery charging.
- Make sure that the forklift is charged before using.
- Recognize that heavy loads drain the battery more.
The Battery Charging Area
A properly-equipped battery charging area will have:
- a no smoking policy with signs posted
- warning signs posted
- adequate fire protection
- ample and readily available water supply for flushing and neutralizing spilled electrolyte
- an eyewash able to provide at least a 15 minute flow (Note: For large installations, there should be a plumbed drench shower and an eyewash.)
- a phone or other means of communication in the event of an emergency
- adequate ventilation to avoid the build-up of hydrogen gas during battery charging
- soda ash or other neutralization materials in the immediate area
- a dry chemical, CO2 or foam fire extinguisher
- means to protect charging apparatus from damage from trucks
OSHA Directive, STD 1-11.4 - 29 CFR 1910.178(g)(2); Battery Charging Stations for Fork Lifts and Other Industrial Trucks, 10/30/1978 states:
"Battery charging" areas where power industrial truck batteries are charged only--no maintenance is performed, batteries are not removed from the trucks and no electrolyte is present in the area--are not subject to the requirement of [29 CFR 1910.178(g)(2)]. The charging areas shall be in compliance with [29 CFR 1910.178(g)(1), (8), (9), (10), (11) and (12)]. Personal protective equipment shall be used when and where required.
Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.
4-5. Electric forklifts are powered by _____.
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