Stepstools and Ladders
Stepstools and ladders that are used to work from heights can create a hazardous situation if not used properly.
Portable ladders help you access a work area or provide support while you work.
- Stepstool: A stepstool is a small, portable device with flat steps, designed to provide a slight elevation, typically used to reach objects just beyond arm's reach. It is shorter and more compact than a ladder, making it ideal for light-duty tasks.
- Portable ladders: A portable ladder is a lightweight, self-supporting or non-self-supporting device that can be easily moved and positioned. It is typically used to access areas at different heights and includes various types, such as step ladders, extension ladders, and straight ladders. They make getting to a work area easy, but they can increase the potential for falls if not used properly.
- Fixed Ladders: A fixed ladder is a ladder that is permanently attached to a structure, building, or equipment. It is typically made of metal or another durable material and is designed for long-term use in specific locations, providing access to elevated areas such as rooftops, towers, or platforms. Fixed ladders do not have moving parts and are secured in place to ensure stability and safety.
Prevention Strategies
Stepstools
- Inspect Before Use: Check for defects, such as cracks, loose parts, or bent steps, before using the stepstool.
- Stable Placement: Place the stepstool on a flat, stable surface to prevent tipping or slipping.
- Maintain Balance: Always face the stepstool and maintain three points of contact (two hands, one foot) when ascending or descending.
- Do Not Overreach: Avoid leaning too far to the side while on the stepstool to prevent losing balance.
- Use Proper Height: Choose a stepstool that allows you to reach your task comfortably without standing on the top step.
Portable Ladders
- Angle: Portable ladders must be positioned at a 4:1 angle (1 foot out for every 4 feet of height).
- Stable Base: Ladders must be placed on a stable, level surface to prevent slipping or shifting.
- Securing: Ladders must be secured to prevent movement if the task requires the user to work from the ladder.
- Top Landing: The ladder should extend at least 3 feet above the top landing or the surface it is being accessed from. If extending the ladder 3 feet above the landing is not possible, a grab rail or equivalent support should be provided.
- Three-Point Contact: Workers must maintain three points of contact (two hands, one foot, or two feet, one hand) when climbing ladders.
Fixed Ladders
- Top Support: The top of the ladder must rest against a strong, solid surface that can support the ladder's load.
- Clear Access: Ladders must be positioned to allow safe access and egress, ensuring that the area around the top and bottom of the ladder is clear of obstructions.
Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.
1-11. When working on a portable ladder be sure to always _____.
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