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The Hierarchy of Controls (HOC)

As you learned earlier, there are many different types of hazards in the workplace.

The most effective strategies are at the top of the hierarchy.

To combat hazardous conditions and unsafe work practices, a "Hierarchy of Controls" (HOC) has been developed and is widely used throughout the safety industry.

We encourage the use of the HOC described in ANSI/ASSP Z10, Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems to control hazards.

The HOC focuses on two basic categories of strategies to mitigate the risk of injury accidents: Hazard control strategies and exposure control strategies. Within each of the two basic categories there are three unique strategies.

Hazard Control Strategies: The first three strategies protect employees by eliminating or reducing the hazards, themselves. In order of priority, they include the following:

  1. Elimination
  2. Substitution
  3. Engineering Controls

Exposure Control Strategies: The final three strategies protect employees by eliminating or reducing employee exposure to hazards. Again, in order of priority, they include the following:

  1. Warnings
  2. Work Practice Controls
  3. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Let's discuss each of the strategies in more detail in the next few sections.

Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.

5-3. What Hierarchy of Controls (HOC) strategy has the highest priority?