Effective Interviewing Techniques
An important aspect of your job, as the interviewer, is to construct a composite story or "word picture" of what happened using the various accounts of the accident and other evidence. To do that, you will need to understand effective interview techniques and be able to skillfully apply those techniques.
Interviewing Techniques
It's essential to remember that you are conducting an accident investigation, not a criminal investigation. While these two interview processes may share similarities, each serves a distinct purpose and demands different techniques to achieve its goals. In an accident investigation, the last thing you want to do is to appear accusatory when interviewing an individual.
Some effective techniques to assure you get to the facts, and not just find fault include the following:
- Keep the purpose of the investigation in mind: Determine the cause of the accident to prevent similar occurrences. The interview is not to establish liability but to gather facts and improve safety management system weaknesses. Ensure the interviewee understands the goal: "We want to prevent anyone from getting hurt like this again."
- Avoid interviewing more than one person at a time, as hearing an interviewee's account may influence others' stories.
- Start by asking for background information such as name, job, and phone number. Then, allow the witness to describe what happened without interruption. Encourage them to talk, and listen actively. Avoid asking "if" they can explain, as it might lead to a simple "no."
- Approach the investigation with an open mind, avoiding preconceptions about individuals or facts.
- Visit the scene. Even if you are familiar with the location or the victim's job, don't assume things are always the same. If a private interview is not possible at the location, find a neutral office or meeting room.
- Create a comfortable atmosphere. Explain the purpose and your role, expressing genuine concern about the accident and the desire to prevent similar occurrences.
- Stress the importance of the information provided by the interviewee. Make it clear that their input is valuable.
- Maintain a friendly, understanding, and open-minded demeanor. Stay calm and unhurried during the interview.
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4-5. Which is an effective accident investigation interview technique?
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