706 Conducting a Job Hazard Analysis

Identify Hazard Controls

After reviewing the list of hazards with the employee, the next step is to identify and implement hazard and exposure control methods that will eliminate or reduce risks in the task.

Two Primary Strategies for Reducing Task Hazards

There are two primary strategies to eliminate or reduce risk in a task: Control the hazard and control exposure to the hazard.

• Controlling the Hazard: This strategy focuses on removing or mitigating the hazard at its source.
• Example: Removing a physical hazard (moving part, chemical, material, noise, etc.) in the task.
• Example: Replacing a hazardous chemical with a safer alternative.
• Example: Using automated machinery to eliminate manual handling risks.
• Controlling Exposure to the Hazard: When eliminating, replacing, or mitigating the hazard, controlling how employees interact with it is the next best option.
• Example: Improving procedures to reduce the duration of exposure to a hazard.
• Example: Requiring the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and masks.

The Hierarchy of Controls (HOC)

Each of these strategies follows a structured approach known as the Hierarchy of Controls (HOC). This framework prioritizes the most effective methods first before relying on less effective measures.

The hierarchy consists of the following control methods, listed from most effective to least effective:

1. Elimination: Completely removing the hazard from the workplace.
2. Substitution: Replacing a hazardous material, tool, or process with a safer alternative.
3. Engineering Controls: Modifying equipment, workspaces, or processes to minimize exposure.
4. Administrative/Work Practice Controls: Implementing procedures, training, and policies to reduce risk.
5. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Using protective gear such as gloves, masks, and safety glasses as a last line of defense.

What’s Next?

The rest of this module will explore each HOC method in detail, explaining how to effectively apply the HOC in various workplace settings. Understanding and implementing these methods will help create a safer work environment while reducing the likelihood of injuries and health hazards.

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