776 Preventing Workplace Violence in Healthcare

Engineering Controls

Engineering controls are physical changes that either remove the hazard from the workplace or create a barrier between the worker and the hazard. In facilities where it is appropriate, there are several engineering control measures that can effectively prevent or control workplace hazards. The measures taken should be site-specific and based on the hazards identified in the worksite analysis appropriate to the specific therapeutic setting. For example, closed circuit videos and bulletproof glass may be appropriate in a hospital or other institutional setting, but not in a community care facility.

Here are some engineering control options employers may choose to protect their employees:

• Install and regularly maintain alarm systems and other security devices, panic buttons, hand-held alarms or noise devices, cellular phones and private channel radios where risk is apparent or may be anticipated. Arrange for a reliable response system when an alarm is triggered.
• Use a closed-circuit video recording for high-risk areas on a 24-hour basis. Public safety is a greater concern than privacy in these situations.
• Place curved mirrors at hallway intersections or concealed areas.
• Enclose nurses' stations and install deep service counters or bullet-resistant, shatter-proof glass in reception, triage and admitting areas or client service rooms.
• Provide employee "safe rooms" for use during emergencies.
• Lock doors to staff counseling rooms and treatment rooms to limit access.
• Arrange furniture to prevent entrapment of staff.
• Provide lockable and secure bathrooms for staff members separate from patient/client and visitor facilities.
• Lock all unused doors to limit access, in accordance with local fire codes.

Note: Services performed in the field (e.g., home health or social services) often occur in private residences where some engineering controls may not be possible or appropriate.

For more examples of engineering controls see the OSHA guidelines

Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.