We're sorry, but OSHAcademy doesn't work properly without JavaScript enabled. Please turn on JavaScript or install a browser that supports Javascript.

806 Focus Four - Fall Hazards
Skip to main content

Safe Ladder Use

Three-Point-Control vs. Three-Point-Contact

What is the difference between the three-point-control method and the three-point contact method?

Portable Ladder Safety

Three-Point-Contact Method

The three-point-contact method requires a worker to depend solely on any three points of contact with the ladder.

This worker is using three-point-contact. Note the position of feet and hand.

Using the stomach or palm are examples of points of contact; these points of contact are unstable, unreliable, and lead to a false sense of stability. For instance, if a worker has both feet on a ladder while resting one palm on the roof, they will not be able to prevent a fall if both feet were to slip. For this reason, three-point-contact is not considered a safe work practice.

Three-Point-Control Method

The three-point-control method is preferred because it requires a worker to use either two feet and one hand or one foot and two hands providing greater stability and support.

This worker is correctly using three-point-control.

The three-point-control method requires the worker to place his hand on the ladder in a way to support the full weight of the body if needed in an emergency. The breakaway force from a vertical rail is too great for a worker to fully support their weight if only gripping with one hand. During a fall, the hand would slide down the bar until it contacts a rung on the ladder. The hand would most likely disconnect from the ladder when it collides with the rung. A vertical grip can only support about half of a person's bodyweight.

If a worker, using the three-point-control method with both feet properly positioned on the ladder and is gripping a horizontal rung, the likelihood of a fall is much less if both of their feet were to slip.

There are seven conditions for using three-point-control while working from ladders. They include:

  1. Hold on to a horizontal rung, not the vertical rail.
  2. Grasp using a power grip, rather than merely making contact
  3. Use light tools and materials designed for single-hand use.
  4. Make sure the ladder is stabilized.
  5. Keep the ladder at the lowest height possible.
  6. Make sure belly button remains between side rails.
  7. Keep both feet at the same level.

Keeping three-point-control for good support is critical while a worker is climbing, moving or working at an elevation. It is important to note, the three-point-control method is not a substitution for the use of fall protection equipment.

Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.

2-4. Which of the following is the preferred method for safely climbing a ladder?