16.M Overhead and Gantry Cranes.
16.M.01 The requirements in this Section are supplemental requirements for overhead and gantry cranes whether permanently installed in a facility or not and includes overhead/bridge cranes, semi gantry, cantilever gantry, wall cranes, storage bridge cranes, and others having the same fundamental characteristics whether it travels on tracks, wheels or other means (unless otherwise specified).
16.M.02 All load bearing foundations, anchorages, runways, and rail tracks must be constructed or installed in accordance with the crane manufacturer's recommendations and ANSI/ASME B30.2 or B30.17, as applicable.
16.M.03 The rated load of the crane must be plainly marked on each side of the crane.- If the crane has more than one hoisting unit, each hoist must have its rated load marked on it or its load block.
- Markings on the bridge, trolley, and load block must be legible from the ground or floor.
16.M.04 Warning device. Except for floor-operated cranes, an alarm or other effective warning signal must be provided for each crane equipped with a power traveling mechanism.
16.M.05 Clearance must be maintained between the crane, any structure or object, and any parallel running cranes and cranes operating at different elevations.
16.M.06 Contacts with runway stops or other cranes must be made with extreme caution. The operator must do so with particular care for the safety of persons on or below the crane, and only after making certain that any persons on the other cranes are aware of what is being done.
16.M.07 Operators of outdoor cranes must secure them when leaving.
16.M.08 When the wind-indicating alarm of a cab-operated outdoor crane sounds, crane operations must be discontinued and the crane must be prepared and stored for excessive wind conditions.
16.M.09 Hand signals used by signal persons during overhead/gantry crane operations must be per Figure 16-4.
16.N Monorails and Under Hung Cranes.
16.N.01 Crane runways, monorail tracks, track supports, and track control devices must be constructed or installed in accordance with the crane manufacturer's recommendations and ANSI/ASME B30.11.
16.N.02 The rated load of the crane must be plainly marked on each side of the crane.
- If the crane has more than one hoisting unit, each hoist must have its rated load marked on it or its load block.
- Markings on the bridge, trolley, and load block must be legible from the ground or floor.
16.N.03 Hand signals used by signal persons during monorail/under hung operations must be per Figure 16-4.
Figure 16-4 Overhead Gantry Crane Hand Signals
16.O Derricks.
16.O.01 For permanent fixed locations, the following load anchoring data must be provided to the GDA. For non-permanent installations, this data must be determined by a QP.
- Guy derricks.
- (1) Maximum horizontal and vertical forces when handling rated loads with the particular guy slope and spacing stipulated for the application, and
- (2) Maximum horizontal and vertical forces at the guy when handling rated loads with the particular guy slope and spacing stipulated for the application.
- Stiffleg derricks.
- (1) Maximum horizontal and vertical forces at the mast base when handling rated loads with the particular stiffleg slope and spacing stipulated for the application, and
- (2) Maximum horizontal and vertical forces at the stifflegs when handling rated loads with the particular stiffleg arrangement stipulated for the application.
16.O.02 Derrick booms, load hoists, and swinger mechanisms must be suitable for the derrick work intended and must be anchored to prevent displacement from imposed loads.
16.O.03 When rotating a derrick, sudden starts and stops must be avoided and rotational speed must be such that the load does not swing out beyond the radius at which it can be controlled. A tagline must be used.
16.O.04 Boom and hoisting rope systems must not be twisted.
16.O.05 Ropes must not be handled on a winch head without the knowledge of the operator. When a winch head is being used, the operator must be within reach of the power unit controls.
16.O.06 When securing the boom, dogs or other positive holding mechanisms on the hoist must be engaged.
16.O.07 When not in use the derrick boom must be either:
- Layed down;
- Secured to a stationary member as nearly under the head as possible by attachment of a sling to the load block;
- Lifted to a vertical position and secured to the mast (for guy derricks); or
- Secured against a stiffleg (for stiffleg derricks).
Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.
16-20. Which of the following must NOT occur when rotating a derrick?
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