19.E Marine Railing Types.
19.E.01 Allowable types of railings on vessels (A, B, C, & D) are identified below. Specific requirements for the vessel types and areas where each may be used are delineated in Sections 19.G and 19.H. > See Appendix F.
Type A Railing System. Note the rigid vertical stanchions and two rigid horizontal tiers.
19.E.02 Railing Type A: Two-Tier Rigid Fall Protection Rail. This railing is comprised of rigid vertical stanchions and two rigid horizontal tiers in accordance with Section 21.F.01. Minimum top rail height is 42 in +/- 3 in (106.6 cm +/- 7.6 cm) and the lower horizontal tier is at half height.
19.E.03 Railing Type B: Three-Tier Marine Rigid or Tensioned Railing. This railing is comprised of rigid vertical stanchions and three rigid or tensioned horizontal tiers. The following parameters apply:
- Clear spacing between tiers must be no greater than 9 in (22.8 cm), 15 in (38 cm) and 15-in respectively. The 9-in space is closest to the deck surface. Minimum height from deck to the top tier may not be less than 39 in (99 cm).
- The 9-in, 15-in and 15-in tier spacing above may not be exceeded.
Type B Railing System. Note the rigid vertical stanchions and three rigid horizontal tiers.
- The bottom tier may be omitted in way of deck fittings or in order to facilitate line handling. The space resulting from the removed lower tier may not extend more than 2 ft (0.6 m) beyond either side of the deck fitting.
- Vertical stanchions may be pipe or structural sections. Horizontal tiers may be constructed from rigid (pipe or structural sections) or non-rigid (wire rope or chain) components, or from combinations of these components. Non-rigid tiers must be tensioned with turnbuckles or similar components.
- Railings may be either fixed or removable in sections. All vertical stanchions must be adequate to withstand a 200 lbs (90.8 kg) load applied horizontally at the top of the stanchion. Stanchion spacing may not exceed 8 ft (2.4 m).
- Pipe or structural section rail components must be sized appropriately to meet the performance criteria of Section 21.F.01.
- Chain or wire rope together with all connecting fittings must have minimum breaking strength of 4,000 lbs (1816 kg).
- Chain or wire rope horizontal tiers must be tensioned so that:
- (1) There is no slack;
- (2) Sag does not exceed 1/4 in (.62 cm) at any point between stanchions, and
- (3) The lowest point from deck to the top of the upper rail may not be less than 39 in (1 m) at any point between the stanchions. Tensioned railing tiers must not deflect more than
- 1 in (2.5 cm) under a load of 200 lbs (90.8 kg).
- Solid bulwarks or coamings providing equal perimeter protection to a height of 39 in (1 m) may also be provided. Bulwarks may be constructed of structural plate and shapes. Bulwarks must meet all strength/deflection/open spacing requirements presented above for railings.
Type C Railing System. Note the Non-Tensioned Railings and Flexible or Swing-Away Railings.
- Non-Tensioned Railings must consist of horizontal tiers constructed from chain, wire rope, pipe or structural sections or combinations of these components. Vertical stanchions must be pipe or structural sections. Vertical support spacing must not exceed 8 ft (2.4 m).
- Flexible or Swing-Away Rails must consist of chain or wire rope tensioned vertical support lines with non-tensioned chain, wire rope or clip-on rigid horizontal tiers. Vertical support line spacing must not exceed 6 ft (1.8 m).
- Pipe or structural section rail components must be sized appropriately to meet the performance criteria of Section 21.F.01. Chain or wire rope together with all connecting fittings must have minimum breaking strength of 4,000 lbs (1816 kg).
- For Non-Tensioned Railings and Flexible or Swing-Away Railings, sag of horizontal tiers must not exceed 3 in (10 cm) between vertical supports.
- Non-Tensioned Railings and Flexible or Swing-Away Railings must be configured with four or more horizontal tiers. The number of horizontal tiers must be sufficient to meet the following requirements:
- (1) Effective clear spacing between the deck and bottom tier must be no greater than 9 in (22.8 cm).
- (2) Effective clear spacing between all tiers above the bottom tier must be no greater than 15 in (38.1 cm).
- (3) Effective minimum height from deck to the top tier may not be less than 39 in (1 m).
- The effective tier spacing identified above includes the effect of the increased spacing associated with sag in the tiers, applied either up or down. Clear spacing measurements must be made with the railing tiers spread to form the largest opening.
- Railing height is reduced by the amount of sag in the tiers. Railing minimum height must be measured at the lowest point in the rail.
- The bottom tier may be omitted in way of deck fittings or in order to facilitate line handling. The space caused by the removed lower tier may not extend more than 2 ft (0.6 m) beyond either side of the deck fitting.
- The top tier may not deflect to a height less than 39 in (1 m) above the deck under a force of 200 lbs (90.8 kg), applied vertically. In addition, the top tier may not deflect more than 12 in (30.4 cm) horizontally under a force of 200 lbs applied horizontally.
- Tensioning springs in the vertical support lines, if provided, must be of the compression with drawbar type.
Type D Railing System. Note the Grab Rails.
19.E.05 Railing Type D: Grab Rails are railing sections mounted to deckhouse sides or to the sides of other permanent structures.
- Grab rail height must match the height of the deck top rail/tier. Where there is no top rail near the grab rail, grab rail height must be 39 in (1 m).
- Grab rail strength must be adequate to withstand a 200 lb (90.8 kg) load applied in any direction.
- Grab rails must be sized dimensionally comparable to 1.5 in (3.8 cm) pipe. Clear distance between the rail and house side may not be less than 3 in (7.6 cm).
Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.
19-8. All vertical stanchions must be adequate to withstand a _____ load applied horizontally at the top of the stanchion. Stanchion spacing may not exceed _____.
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