513 EM 385-1-1 Chapters 23-29

Sections

28-8. General Requirements.

Column Anchorage

Anchor rods or bolts must anchor all columns with a minimum of four per column, designed to resist specific loads and set on level surfaces. If shim packs are used, a QP must oversee their application.
For column stability, a CP must evaluate and install necessary guying or bracing.
Repairs, replacements, or modifications of anchor rods or bolts require the project structural engineer's approval and notification to the steel erector by the controlling contractor.

Beams and Columns

During final placement of solid web structural members, maintain the hoisting line load until securing the members with at least two properly tightened bolts.
A CP must determine if more than two bolts are needed for each end of a piece before its release from the crane, and ensure column erection splices are fully bolted before adding more than two floors.

Diagonal Bracing

Secure solid web structural members used as diagonal bracing with at least one bolt per connection, tightened as specified by the project structural engineer.

Double Connections

For double connections at columns or beam webs over a column, maintain at least one bolt connection to the first member until a secure seat or equivalent device is installed to support the load and allow for the double connection process.
Design the seat or device to support the load during double connections and ensure it's adequately bolted or welded to both supporting and first members.

Column Splices

Design each column splice to resist specific minimum loads, considering the load's eccentric placement on the column shaft.

Perimeter Columns

Erect perimeter columns only if they extend a minimum height above the finished floor for perimeter safety cables and have appropriate holes or devices for cable installation, barring constructability constraints.

Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.

28-7. On column anchorages, the anchor rods or bolts must anchor all columns with _____.

at least two per column

two to three per column

three to four per column

at least four per column

You forgot to answer the question!

EM 385-1-1 Paragraph 28-8 (m.–r.).

28-8. General Requirements.(m.–r.).

m.  Column Anchorage.  (28-8.m)

(1)  General requirements for erection stability.

(a) Anchor all columns using a minimum of four anchor rods or anchor bolts.

(b)  Design each column anchor rod or anchor bolt assembly, including the
        column-to-base plate weld and the column foundation, to resist a minimum eccentric gravity load of 300 lbs. (136.2 kg) located 18 inches (45.7 cm) from the extreme outer face of the column in each direction at the top of the column shaft.

(c)  Set columns on level finished floors, pre-grouted leveling plates, leveling nuts, or shim packs. If shim packs are used, a QP must direct their use.

(d) A CP must evaluate all columns to determine whether guying or bracing is needed. Install all required guying or bracing.

(2)  Repair, replacement, or field modification of anchor rods or anchor bolts.

(a)  Do not repair, replace or field-modify anchor rods or anchor bolts without the approval of the project structural engineer of record.

(b)  Prior to the erection of a column, the controlling contractor must provide written notification to the steel erector if there has been any repair, replacement, or modification of the anchor rods or anchor bolts of that column.

n.  Beams and columns.  (28-8.n)

(1)  Do not release the load from the hoisting line during the final placing of solid web structural members until the members are secured with at least two bolts per connection of the same size and strength as shown in the erection drawings. Tighten the bolts to snug tight and/or as specified by the project structural engineer of record.

(2) A CP must determine those pieces that require more than two bolts in each end before the piece is released from the crane.  Completely bolt column erection splices prior to adding more than two floors.

o.  Diagonal Bracing.  Secure solid web structural members used as diagonal bracing by at least one bolt per connection drawn up snug tight and/or the equivalent as specified by the project structural engineer of record.  (28-8.o)

p.  Double Connections.  (28-8.p)

(1)  Double connections at columns or at beam webs over a column. This requirement applies when two structural members on opposite sides of a column web, or a beam web over a column, are connected sharing common connection holes. At least one bolt with its snug tight nut must remain connected to the first member unless a shop-attached or field-attached seat or equivalent connection device is supplied with the member to secure the first member and prevent the column from being displaced.  (See figures 28-3 and 28-4)

(2)  If a seat or equivalent device is used, design the seat or device to support the load during the double connection process. Adequately bolt or weld the seat or device to both a supporting member and the first member before the nuts on the shared bolts are removed to make the double connection.

q.  Column splices.  Design each column splice to resist a minimum eccentric gravity load of 300 lbs. (136.2 kg) located 18 inches (45.7 cm) from the extreme outer face of the column in each direction at the top of the column shaft.  (28-8.q)

r.  Perimeter columns. Do not erect perimeter columns unless:  (28-8.r)

(1) The perimeter columns extend a minimum of 48 inches (121.9 cm) above the finished floor to permit installation of perimeter safety cables prior to erection of the next tier, except where constructability does not allow.

(2) The perimeter columns have holes or other devices in or attached to perimeter columns at 42-45 inches (106.7-114.3 cm) above the finished floor, and at the midpoint between the finished floor and the top cable, to permit installation of perimeter safety cables, except where constructability does not allow.