18.B Guarding and Safety Devices.
18.B.01 Reverse signal (back-up) alarm.
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All self-propelled construction and industrial equipment, dump trucks and cargo trucks, whose trailer/body permanently block the view to the rear, whether moving alone or in combination, must be equipped with a back-up alarm.
Note: Equipment designed and operated so that the operator is always facing the direction of motion does not require a back-up alarm. - Back-up alarms must be audible and sufficiently distinct to be heard above the surrounding noise level.
- Alarms must operate automatically upon commencement of backward motion. Alarms may be continuous or intermittent (not to exceed 3-second intervals) and must operate during the entire backward movement.
- Commercial cargo vehicles such as pick-up trucks, utility cargo/tool trucks, and flat-bed cargo trucks intended for use on public highways with a normally clear view through the rear window are not required to have back-up alarms. If the view to the rear is temporarily obstructed by a load or permanently blocked by a utility/tool box or other modification, then a signal person may be used, if the value outweighs the risk as determined by an AHA. In lieu of a signal person, a back-up alarm must be installed.
- The removal or disabling of any back-up alarm is strictly prohibited.
Backing up can be a dangerous task.
18.B.02 A warning device must be provided where there is danger to persons from moving equipment, swinging loads, buckets, booms or similar. A signal person may be used in lieu of a warning device if the value outweighs the risk, as determined by an AHA.
18.B.03 Guarding.
- All belts, gears, shafts, pulleys, sprockets, spindles, drums, flywheels, chains, or other reciprocating, rotating, or moving parts of equipment must be guarded when exposed to contact by persons or when they otherwise create a hazard.
- All hot surfaces of equipment, including exhaust pipes or other lines, must be guarded or insulated to prevent injury and fire.
- All equipment having a charging skip must be provided with guards on both sides and open end of the skip area to prevent persons from walking under the skip while it is elevated.
- Platforms, foot walks, steps, handholds, guardrails, and toe boards must be designed, constructed, and installed on machinery and equipment to provide safe footing and access ways.
- Equipment must be provided with suitable working surfaces of platforms, guardrails, and hand grabs when attendants or other employees are required to ride for operating purposes outside the operator's cab or compartment. Platforms and steps must be of nonskid material.
- Substantial overhead protection must be provided for the operators of forklifts and similar material handling equipment. > See also Section 18.G.29.
Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.
18-2. When is a back-up alarm NOT required on commercial cargo vehicles intended for use on public highways?
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